the adjective dionysian – pronounced with the stress on the third syllable, IPA: /, daɪ ən 'nɪz ɪ ən or ,daɪ ən 'nɪs ɪ ən/ – means ‘wild, unrestrained, uninhibited’, as in ‘ dionysian revels’ or ‘ dionysian celebrations’.(The English word chimaera also has certain technical uses: in biology it may be applied either to certain species of tapering, smooth-skinned, deep-sea fish or to organisms, especially plants, which are composed of two or more genetically different kinds of tissue.) The word comes from Greek mythology, where the Chimaera (Χίμαιρα, Chimaira) was a fire-breathing monster with the head of a lion, the body of a goat, and the tail of a serpent.
The word is also used as a modifier in such phrases as cereal crop and cereal farming. the noun cereal may denote either any type of grass that produces an edible grain (e.g., wheat, rye, or millet) or the grain itself or food made from this grain, especially breakfast food.The adjective Apollonian is also used - in this use always with an initial capital - to mean ‘relating to the god Apollo’. Apollonian is sometimes contrasted with dionysian (for which see below), as, e.g., by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), who contrasted the human qualities he characterised as apollonian (e.g., rationality, reasonableness, calmness, and serenity) with those he characterised as dionysian (e.g., spontaneity, irrationality, and lack of restraint) - see The Birth of Tragedy ( Die Geburt der Tragödie, 1872) and The Gay Science ( Die fröhliche Wissenschaft, 1882). The word comes from Apollo, the Greek god of music, archery, prophecy, and medicine. the adjective apollonian – pronounced with the stress on the third syllable, IPA: /,æ pə 'ləʊ nɪ ən/ – means ‘harmonious, serene, ordered’.the word ' aphrodisiac', pronounced with the stress on the third syllable, IPA: /ˌæf rə ˈdɪz ɪ æk/, and meaning, as an adjective, 'arousing or heightening sexual desire' and, as a noun, 'a food or drug which arouses or heightens sexual desire', comes from the Greek άφροδῑσιακός‚ ( aphrodisiakos, 'sexual'), an adjective from the name of Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love.Do not confuse the expressions Achilles heel and Achilles tendon: the latter is the name for the cord which attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone. Achilles fought with the Greeks in the Trojan War and was killed by Paris, who wounded him in the heel. The expression comes from the Greek hero Achilles, who as a baby was dipped by his mother, the sea god Thetis, in the river Styx and whose body as a result became invulnerable – except for the heel by which his mother had held him. the expression ‘ Achilles heel’ is used to refer to a small but potentially serious weakness or vulnerable point in, e.g., a person’s character or a proposal, as in ‘His vanity proved his Achilles heel’ or The Achilles heel in your plan is its dependence on financial support from the government’.Here, in alphabetical order, are some more examples: His blood soaked the earth, and there sprang up on the spot the flower which today bears his name. Unable to embrace the reflection, he fell into despair and stabbed himself to death with a dagger. For example, the word ' narcissist' (pronounced with the stress on the first syllable and a soft 'c', IPA: /ˈnɑː r sɪ sɪst/, i.e., a person who is excessively interested in themselves and their appearance, or who derives sexual satisfaction from this interest the related words ' narcissistic' (pronounced with the stress on the third syllable and a soft 'c', /nɑː r sɪ ˈsɪst ɪk), and ' narcissism' (pronounced with the stress on the first syllable and a soft 'c', /ˈnɑː r sɪ sɪsm) and the word ' narcissus', (pronounced with the stress on the second syllable and a soft 'c', /nɑː r ˈsɪs əs), the name of the daffodil with white petals and an orange or yellow centre - all these words derive from Narcissus, in Greek mythology a young man who was excessively proud of his good looks and who one day, lying beside a pool, fell in love with his reflection in the water. A number of English words derive from the names of gods and goddesses, heroes, and others who figure in the myths and legends of Greek and Roman antiquity.
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